Nível de divulgação do IFRS 15/ TOPIC 606: receita de contratos com clientes no Brasil e EUA

Abstract

This study aimed to identify disclosure levels to IFRS 15/Topic 606 – Revenue from Contract with Customers requirements, by Brazilian and North-American companies, before and after the effective date of these accounting standards. For this objective, the financial statements for December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2018, of the 100 largest listed firms in Brazil and United States were analysed, excluding financial institutions and insurance companies. This research used qualitative and quantitative methodologies, being descriptive, in relation to its objectives, and documental, for the usage of content analysis. The data used by this study were collected from the selected companies’ financial statements, from Economática© database e from other available public information. The transformation of qualitative into quantitative information were made by the creation of a disclosure index (IDRec), based on the mandatory requirements of IFRS 15 and Topic 606. Data analysis and application of linear regression for the identification of explanatory factors related to the disclosure level were separately made for the Brazilian and North-American companies, because of significant differences in their characteristics. The main results suggest a positive association between IDREc and the period where the accounting standards are effective as well with the disclosure of impacts from the adoption of the new revenue rules. In addition, for the Brazilian companies, it was found association with the companies’ industry sectors as well with the auditor responsible for the financial statements. There was a prospect of analysed companies’ full compliance with the accounting standards disclosure and presentation requirements, before and after the rules effective date, considering its mandatory nature. However, this fact was not confirmed, since the average of IDRec before and after the adoption of IFRS 15 and Topic 606 were of 56,09% and 72,79%, respectively, for the Brazilian companies and of 68,58% and 82,43%, respectively, for the North-American companies. Because of that, it is perceived that financial statement preparers and their auditors, regulators and financial standards issuers must be more attentive and apply greater effort on mandatory accounting standard compliance theme, in order to achieve all the transparency objectives proposed by new revenue accounting standards.