Programas de preparação para aposentadoria: um estudo comparativo na Ford Motor Company Brasil

Abstract

The changes in the global scenario resulted in challenges for the companies; one of those challenges was the longevity. Among other factors, the advancement of medicine has contributed to people live longer and need more financial resources. Thus, companies face the dilemma of how to support employees in the retirement process. In general, people don´t think in a retirement like a natural process, a new phase of life, mainly because people have never thought they would retire. This research intends to bring some perspectives on aging, more specifically retirement in Brazil, in addition to bringing the theory about the perspective of future time and behavior change to support the discussion about the Retirement Preparation Program (PPA) implementation, in 2015 at Ford Motor Company Brazil. The purpose of this research is to identify the extent to which participation in a PPA can provide support for employees to become aware of the importance of thinking and being prepared for retirement. The comparative research was conducted with 350 Ford Motor Company Brazil employees, 175 employees who had already participated in the program and 175 who had not yet participated. The final sample was 137 employees, whom 69 were employees who participated in the PPA and 68 were not yet involved. For this the instruments used were: Future Time Perspective Scale and Scale of Change in Planning Behavior for Retirement. In both instruments it was used factorial exploratory analysis through the SPSS, where the factors of the scales were extracted. From the extraction of the factors were performed: t test for independent measures to test the hypothesis whether or not there was difference between the participants of the PPA, the non-parametric Qui² test to verify if the employees who participated in the PPA made more contributions to the private pension and finally multiple linear regression using the factors of future-time perspective and dedication to the community that refers to the scale of behavior change. The analyzes revealed that the unifactorial scale of future-time perspective that refers to the clarity of goals in the preparation for retirement is adequated to investigate the factor in the sample. The scale of change in behavior showed 4 factors that Ford Motor Company employees intend to devote more to family, community and health than at present and find ways to dedicate themselves to new professional areas.