O processo de institucionalização do programa seis sigma em uma empresa multinacional do setor automotivo

Abstract

This study has for objective to analyze the Six Sigma Process of Institutionalization in an automotive company located in Grande ABC - São Paulo state and to present a research instrument that assists measurement of the institutionality of this program. Recent research demonstrates that the practicality of the contemporaries Quality movements is not always effectively applied in the organizations, showing that rational aspects not only would be on the legitimation of these strategical choices. To understand the mechanisms of legitimation of such practice could minimize the efforts technicians and human beings demanded in the implantation of new technologies. In the last few years, theoretical projects have been considered that assist the interpretation of the organizational phenomena, between them the quality programs, through the Institutional Theory. However, the majority of these studies is based on the vision of sociologists, scientists politicians and economists who have contributed much for the development of the theory. The contribution of this work is to offer another vision: of the administrator, inserting new perspectives in the speech of the theoretical construction of this movement. The object of this analysis - the Six Sigma Program is a relatively new model for the automobile, therefore is of interest for those who investigate the new organizational paradigms. This way, due to low the frequency of national and international academic works that tested the institutionalization process of quality programs under the optics of the new-institutionalist school, it was looked to delineate a questionnaire contend variable-key of the stages that would take the legitimation of the program. Giving sustentation to the results of this quantitative phase, we opted to the contribution two other qualitative instruments: a focus group and some individual interviews, generating a triangulation method. The results pointed out that professed models are not always effectively practiced in the organizations, suggesting gaps between institutional and practical act of day-by-day. Through the analysis of the triangulation it can be evidenced that the Six Sigma program, in this organization, surpassed the stage of habitualization, but it was not sedimented. This intermediate phase is called objetification or half-institutional stage. The applied instruments of research have revealed good to the study and can contribute, since duly is suitable, for the institutionalization process analysis of other institutional programs. The cycle of this research, as well as the proper Institutional Theory, is not locked in. It only extends itself instigating new academic contributions in the field of organizational studies.