A relevância da correção monetária nas demonstrações contábeis das empresas do setor de mineração brasileiro

Abstract

The systematic restatement that was prohibited by Law 9.249/95, allowed companies to recognize the effects of inflation in the accounting statements, thus enabling users to understand the effects of accounting that inflation generated in the asset and results of the companies. This paper aims to highlight the effects that the lack of indexation causes in equity in earnings and profitability of companies in the mining sector in the period 2006 to 2011, comparing the indicators of net income, shareholders' equity and return on equity extracted from the accounting statements determined in accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law and the accounting statements adjusted considering the effects of inflation over the period. The prohibition of the practice of restatement caused the accounting statements disclosed by companies in the mining sector do not recognize the effects of inflation, distorting the content of the information disclosed and as a consequence affecting the decision-making process of users of accounting. This is a descriptive quantitative, in which we used the methods of descriptive analysis and descriptive statistics to understand the behavior of indicators that were studied and to analyze the accounting statements of companies within the mining sector. Were collected and analyzed indicators of net income, shareholders' equity and return on equity, extracted from the accounting information disclosed in the Revista Exame Melhores e Maiores in the period from 2006 to 2011. Where significant differences were found in the values presented in accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law as compared with the figures considering the effects of inflation. The main results were that the lack of inflation adjustment in the accounting statements cause considerable distortions in the calculation of income for the period, the net asset value and profitability indicator in equity of companies in the mining sector. The distortions affect users of accounting in the process of choosing their investments and analysis of accounting information, as these users are making decisions through accounting statements do not adequately reflect the economic reality of companies in the mining sector. Conclude that the accounting practice of indexation for both corporate as managerial levels are relevant to avoid the distortions that are caused evidenced in equity, results and return on equity of companies in the mining sector, the non-recognition of inflation.