Fraudes corporativas : uma análise das variáveis contábeis indicativas em empresas não financeiras de capital aberto no Brasil

Abstract

Scientific work using accounting statistical tools with indicative accounting variables were used to study corporate frauds abroad in early nineties. However, studies using with this approach are practically non-existent in Brazil. The purpose of this research was to analyze whether accounting variables used as fraud indicators in foreign studies could be applied to non-financial listed companies in Brazil. For this purpose, based on 220 sentenced lawsuits (Common and Summary Proceedings) containing corporate fraud indications with decisions disclosed by the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) from 2000 to 2010, an 'analyzed group' was formed with 26 companies with fraud indications available in Economática® software and a 'control group' with 52 companies without fraud indications. It was extracted 13 fraud-indicating accounting variables most used in foreign researches during the last 10 years. To analyze results, it was applied the descriptive analysis and the logistic regression. From the main results, it can be said that the indicative accounting variables "gross profit/ total asset and "operating gross revenue/ total asset" could be considered relevant fraud predictors in non-financial listed companies in Brazil. This work has the intention to contribute as a helping tool for companies' transparency, ethics and responsibility, as well as to assess capital markets and involved agents, as regulation organs, auditors and corporations as a whole. At the end of this work, it is suggested future scientific works.